Izinto zokusetshenziswa zokukhiqiza ama-electrode e-graphite zifaka i-petroleum coke, inaliti ye-coke kanye ne-coal tar pitch:

I-petroleum coke ingumkhiqizo oqinile ovuthayo otholakala ngokufaka izinsalela ze-petroleum ne-petroleum pitch.Umbala umnyama futhi une-porous, isici esiyinhloko yikhabhoni, futhi okuqukethwe komlotha kuphansi kakhulu, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-0.5%.I-petroleum coke iwuhlobo lwe-carbon graphitized kalula.I-petroleum coke isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, i-metallurgy nezinye izimboni.Iwumthombo oyinhloko wokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-graphite yokwenziwa kanye nemikhiqizo ye-carbon ye-electrolytic aluminium.

Ngokwezinga lokushisa lokushisa, i-petroleum coke ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-coke eluhlaza kanye ne-coke e-calcined.Owokuqala i-petroleum coke etholwe ngokubambezeleka kokupheka, okuqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziguquguqukayo futhi enamandla aphansi emishini.I-coke ene-calcined itholakala ngokubala i-coke eluhlaza.Iningi lezindawo zokuhlanza e-China zikhiqiza kuphela i-coke eluhlaza, futhi imisebenzi eminingi yokubala yenziwa ezitshalweni zekhabhoni.

I-petroleum coke ingahlukaniswa nge-coke ephezulu yesibabule (ngaphezulu kuka-1.5% okuqukethwe kwesibabule), i-coke yesibabule esimaphakathi (i-0.5% -1.5% enesulfure) kanye ne-coke yesulfure ephansi (ngaphansi kuka-0.5% okuqukethwe kwesibabule).Ama-electrode e-graphite neminye imikhiqizo ye-graphite yokwenziwa ngokuvamile akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa i-coke enesulfure ephansi.

I-needle coke iwuhlobo lwe-coke olunokuthungwa okusobala kwe-fibrous, i-coefficient ephansi yokwandisa okushisayo kanye ne-graphitization elula.Lapho i-coke block iphukile, ingahlukaniswa ibe yizinhlayiya ze-strip ezinde nezincane (isilinganiso sobude kuya kububanzi ngokuvamile singaphezu kuka-1.75) ngokusho kokuthungwa.Isakhiwo se-anisotropic fibrous singabonwa ngaphansi kwe-polarizing microscope, ngakho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi i-needle coke.

I-anisotropy yezakhiwo zomzimba nemishini ye-need coke isobala kakhulu.Isiqondiso esihambisana ne-axis ende yezinhlayiya sinokusebenza okuhle kukagesi nokushisa, futhi i-coefficient yokwanda okushisayo iphansi.Ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwe-extrusion, izimbazo ezinde zezinhlayiya eziningi zihlelwe ngendlela ye-extrusion.Ngakho-ke, inaliti ye-coke iwukhiye wezinto ezingavuthiwe zokukhiqiza amandla aphezulu noma ama-electrode e-graphite aphezulu kakhulu.Ama-electrode e-graphite enziwe ane-resistivity ephansi, i-coefficient encane yokwandisa ukushisa, kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka okuhle kokushisa.

I-needle coke ihlukaniswe nge-coke yenaliti esekwe kuwoyela ekhiqizwe kuzinsalela ze-petroleum kanye ne-coke yenaliti esekwe emalahleni ekhiqizwe ngetiyela elicolisisiwe lamalahle.

I-Coal tar pitch ingenye yemikhiqizo eyinhloko yokucubungula okujulile kwetiyela lamalahle.Kuyingxube yezinhlobonhlobo zama-hydrocarbons, i-viscosity emnyama ephezulu i-semi-solid noma eqinile ekamelweni lokushisa, ngaphandle kwendawo yokuncibilika engaguquki, ethambile ngemva kokushisa, bese iyancibilika, ngobuningi buka-1.25-1.35g/cm3.Ngokusho iphuzu layo ukuthambisa ihlukaniswe izinga lokushisa eliphansi, okusesilinganisweni futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu asphalt ezintathu.Isivuno se-asphalt yokushisa okuphakathi singama-54-56% kunetiyela lamalahle.Ukwakhiwa kwe-bitumen yamalahle kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, okuhlobene nezakhiwo ze-coal tar kanye nokuqukethwe kwama-heteroatoms, futhi kuthinteka ohlelweni lobuchwepheshe be-coking kanye nezimo zokucubungula i-coal tar.Kunezinkomba eziningi ezibonisa izici ze-asphalt yamalahle, njenge-asphalt softening point, i-toluene insoluble matter (TI), i-quinoline insoluble matter (QI), inani le-coking kanye nempahla ye-rheological ye-asphalt yamalahle.

I-pitch yamalahle isetshenziswa njenge-binder kanye ne-ejenti yokukhulelwa embonini ye-carbon.Izakhiwo zayo zinethonya elikhulu enqubweni yokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-carbon.I-asphalt ye-binder ngokuvamile isebenzisa iphuzu elilinganiselwe lokuthambisa, inani eliphezulu lokupheka, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-beta resin medium noma izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo eliguquliwe, i-ejenti ekhulelwe ukusebenzisa iphuzu eliphansi lokuthambisa, i-QI ephansi, i-rheology ingaba itiyela elihle lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo.

• Isicelo se-graphite electrode

I-electrode ye-graphite inezinhlobo eziningi zokusetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni insimbi yesithando somlilo, isithando somlilo esishisayo, isithando somlilo sokumelana, njll.

1. I-electrode ye-graphite isetshenziswa esithandweni sokwenza insimbi ye-arc

Abasebenzisi abakhulu be-steelmaking yesithando somlilo kagesi, ukwenza insimbi yesithando somlilo ukusetshenziswa kwe-graphite electrode kugesi wamanje, amandla amanje ekugcineni okuphansi kwe-electrode ngokusebenzisa ukukhishwa kwe-arc yegesi, ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okwenziwe yi-arc ukuncibilikisa, ngokusho kobukhulu be-arc. amandla kagesi esithandweni somlilo, anobubanzi obuhlukene bama-electrode egraphite, ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokuqhubekayo ama-electrode, ama-electrode ngoxhumano oluhlangene lwentambo ye-electrode, I-electrode ye-graphite esetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-steelmaking cishe i-70-80% yenani eliphelele le-electrode ye-graphite.

2. Isithando somlilo sikagesi somsebenzisi samaminerali

Isithando somlilo samaminerali sisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwe-ferroalloy, i-silicon ehlanzekile, i-phosphorus ephuzi, i-matte ne-calcium carbide.Izici zayo ukuthi ingxenye engezansi ye-electrode conductive ingcwatshwa ekushayweni, ngakho-ke ngaphezu kokushisa okukhiqizwa yi-arc phakathi kwepuleti kanye ne-charge, okwamanje ngokusebenzisa ukushaja ngokumelana nokushaja nakho kukhiqiza ukushisa, ngayinye. ithani le-silicon lidinga ukusebenzisa i-electrode engu-150kg/graphite, ithani ngalinye le-phosphorus ephuzi lidinga ukusebenzisa cishe u-40kg we-graphite electrode.

3, yesithando somlilo sokumelana

Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-graphite ngesithando somlilo se-graphitization, isithando somlilo sengilazi esincibilikayo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesithando somlilo se-silicon carbide yiziko lokumelana, isithando somlilo esifakwe ukushisa okuyisicefe, nakho kuyinjongo yokushisa.Ngokuvamile, i-electrode conductive graphite electrode ifakwa odongeni lwekhanda lomlilo ekupheleni kweziko, ngakho-ke i-electrode conductive ayisetshenziswa ngokuqhubekayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elikhulu lezikhala ze-graphite electrode nazo zisetshenziselwa ukucubungula zibe yizinhlobonhlobo ze-crucible, isikebhe se-graphite, isikhunta esishisayo esishisayo kanye ne-vacuum yokushisa kwesithando somlilo kagesi neminye imikhiqizo emise okukhethekile.Isibonelo, embonini yengilazi ye-quartz, i-10t graphite electrode engenalutho iyadingeka kukho konke ukukhiqizwa kweshubhu le-1t capacitor, futhi i-electrode engu-100kg engenalutho iyasetshenziswa kukho konke ukukhiqizwa kwezitini zequartz eyi-1t.

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