Ngokuthandwa kwe-scrap ekukhiqizeni ukuphonsa, ama-ejenti ayandayo asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza insimbi.Kodwa-ke, abangani abaningi abaphonsayo abakuqondi ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti ahlukene wokugoba ensimbi ehlukene.Ngokusekelwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-10 yokuhlangenwe nakho ekuqondisweni kwesicelo somugqa wokuqala samakhasimende okusakaza, umnyango wezobuchwepheshe wase-Yunai ufingqe izici ezithinta izinga lokumuncwa kwe-carburizer yokusakaza ukuze kusetshenziswe ireferensi yabangane.

I. Ukwakheka kwensimbi ewuketshezi

Iphuzu lokuncibilika kwekhabhoni ku-carburizer liphezulu kakhulu (3 727℃), elincibilikiswa kakhulu ku-iron ewuketshezi ngezindlela ezimbili zokuncibilika kanye nokusabalalisa.Ukunyibilika kwekhabhoni ku-iron ewuketshezi yile: Cmax=1.3+0.25T-0.3Si-0.33P-0.45S+0.028Mn, lapho u-T eyizinga lokushisa lensimbi enguketshezi (℃).

1. Ukwakheka kwensimbi ewuketshezi.Kungabonakala ku-equation engenhla ukuthi u-Si, S no-P banciphisa ukuncibilika kwe-C kanye nezinga lokumuncwa kwe-carburizer, kuyilapho uMn ephambene.Idatha ibonise ukuthi izinga lokumuncwa kwe-carburant lehle ngamaphesenti angu-1~2 kanye namaphesenti angu-3~4 kukho konke ukukhuphuka okungu-0.1% kwe-C kanye ne-Si ku-iron ewuketshezi.Izinga lokumuncwa linganyuka ngo-2% ~3% kukho konke ukukhuphuka kwe-1% Mn.I-Si inethonya elikhulu kakhulu, ilandelwa uMn, C no-S. Ngakho-ke, ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, u-C kufanele wengezwe kuqala futhi u-Si kufanele afakwe kamuva.

2. Izinga lokushisa lensimbi ewuketshezi.Izinga lokushisa elilinganayo lensimbi enguketshezi (C-Si-O) linethonya elikhulu ezingeni lokumunca.Uma izinga lokushisa lensimbi ewuketshezi lingaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elilinganayo, u-C uhlangana no-O ngokukhethayo, futhi ukulahlekelwa ngu-C kunsimbi ewuketshezi kuyenyuka, nezinga lokumunca liyehla.Lapho izinga lokushisa lensimbi ewuketshezi lingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elilinganayo, ukugcwala kuka-C kuyehla, izinga lokusatshalaliswa lika-C liyehla, nezinga lokumunca liyancipha.Lapho izinga lokushisa lensimbi ewuketshezi lilingana nezinga lokushisa elilinganayo, izinga lokumunca liphakeme kakhulu.Izinga lokushisa elilinganayo lensimbi eyi-liquid (C-Si-O) liyahlukahluka ngokuhluka kuka-C no-Si.Emkhiqizweni wangempela, i-carburant yomkhiqizo we-Yu Na ichithwa kakhulu futhi isakazwe kunsimbi ewuketshezi ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elilinganayo (1 150 ~ 1 370 ℃).

3. Ukunyakaziswa kwensimbi ewuketshezi kusiza ekuhlakazweni nasekusabalaliseni i-C, futhi kunciphisa amathuba okushiswa kwe-carburizing agent entanta phezu kwe-ayoni ewuketshezi.Ngaphambi kokuba i-ejenti ye-carburizing incibilike ngokuphelele, uma isikhathi esinyakazayo sikhula, izinga lokumunca liyakhuphuka, kodwa ukunyakazisa kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yolwelwesi, kodwa futhi kubhebhethekisa ukulahleka kuka-C ku-iron ewuketshezi.Isikhathi esifanelekile sokushukumisa kufanele sibe sifushane ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-carburizer ichitheka ngokuphelele.

4. I-slag scraping uma kudingekile ukwengeza i-carburizing agent emva kokukhishwa kwensimbi, i-scum yesithando somlilo kufanele ihlanzwe ngangokunokwenzeka ukuvimbela i-carburizing agent egoqwe ku-slag.

Okwesibili, i-ejenti ye-carburizing

1. I-microstructure eqoshiwe ye-Yunai brand carburizer.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukwakheka kwekhabhoni kuyi-amorphous futhi i-disordered phakathi kwe-amorphous ne-graphite.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku-2500 ℃ futhi ligcina isikhathi esithile, lingaqedela ngokuyisisekelo i-graphitization.I-Carbon ekushiseni okuphezulu noma ekushiseni kwesibili, akusilo itshe

Izinga le-graphite carbon transformation libe yi-graphic carbon libizwa nge-degree of carbon graphitization, okuphinde kube ngenye yezinto zokuhlola ze-carbon microanalysis.Ngokusekelwe kumbono we-graphite crystal structure, kungase kubonakale ukuthi isakhiwo se-graphite siyindiza engungqimba eyakhiwe inethiwekhi yendiza ye-athomu ye-carbon athomu enehexagonal, futhi izendlalelo zixhunywe omunye nomunye ngamandla e-van der Waals, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe isakhiwo sekristalu se-lattice esinwebeka unomphela. ohlangothini lwezinhlangothi ezintathu.I-X-ray diffraction isetshenziselwa ukukala ingxenye yesimo sekristalu esine-hexagonal evamile ngemva kwe-graphitization ukuze kuhlolwe izinga le-graphitization.

I-Graphitization degree iyinkomba ebalulekile ye-carburizing agent.Izinga eliphezulu le-graphitization alikwazi nje ukwandisa izinga lokumuncwa kwekhabhoni, kodwa futhi lithuthukise ikhono le-nucleation lensimbi ewuketshezi ngenxa yomphumela we-homoheteronuclear wesakhiwo sayo nge-graphite yensimbi ewuketshezi.Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-ejenti yokungcwatshwa kwe-graphitized kanye ne-ejenti yokungcwatshwa kwe-graphitized ukuthi i-ejenti yokungcwatshwa kwe-graphitized inomphumela we-carburizing kanye nomphumela othile wokugoba.

2. Ngokwezakhiwo zemishini kanye nezici zomkhiqizo zokulingisa okuhlukahlukene, sihlinzeka nge-ejenti ekhethekile yokungcwatshwa kwe-carburizing yazo zonke izinhlobo zokulingisa ngokulawula ikhabhoni kanye nezinkomba ze-trace element ehlukahlukene.

Ikhabhoni engaguquki kanye nekhabhoni engaguquki yomlotha yizici ezisebenzayo ze-ejenti yokungcwaba, lapho iphezulu iba ngcono;Umlotha uyinsimbi ethile noma i-non-metallic oxide, ukungcola, kufanele kube kuncane ngangokunokwenzeka.Inani lekhabhoni engaguquki kanye nomlotha ku-ejenti yokungcwaba kuyizici ezimbili ezibalulekile zalokhu nokuthi, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni engaguquki ku-ejenti yokungcwaba, ukusebenza kahle kwe-carburizing nakho kuphezulu.I-carburizer enokuqukethwe komlotha omningi kulula "i-coke" futhi yakha isendlalelo se-slag, esihlukanisa izinhlayiya ze-carbon futhi zibenze zingancibiliki, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise izinga lokumuncwa kwekhabhoni.Okuqukethwe komlotha omningi nakho kubangela inani le-slag yensimbi ewuketshezi, kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, futhi kwandise umthwalo womsebenzi enqubweni yokuncibilika.Ukulawulwa kwezinto zokulandela umkhondo ezifana nesibabule ne-nitrogen nakho kukhulisa ukulawulwa kwezinga lokukhubazeka kokuphonsa.

3. Ukukhethwa kwe-granularity ye-ejenti yokungcwaba.

Usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-carburizer mncane futhi indawo yokuxhumanisa insimbi ewuketshezi inkulu, izinga lokumuncwa lizoba phezulu, kepha izinhlayiya ezinhle kulula ukufakwa i-oxidized, kodwa futhi kulula ukuthathwa ngumoya noma uthuli. ukugeleza;Isilinganiso esiphezulu sezinhlayiyana kufanele sincibilike ngokugcwele ku-ayoni enguketshezi ngesikhathi sokusebenza.Uma i-ejenti ye-carburizing yengezwe ne-charge, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ungaba mkhulu, kunconywa ukuthi ube ku-0.2 ~ 9.5mm;Uma yengezwa ngensimbi ewuketshezi noma ngaphambi kokudweba insimbi njengokulungiswa okuhle, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ungaba ngu-0.60 ~ 4.75mm;Uma i-carburizing ephaketheni futhi isetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwangaphambili, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ngu-0.20 ~ 0.85mm;Izinhlayiya ezingaphansi kuka-0.2mm akufanele zisetshenziswe.Usayizi wezinhlayiyana nawo uhlobene nobubanzi besithando somlilo, ububanzi besithando somlilo bukhulu, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-carburizer kufanele ube mkhulu, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.

4. Lawula inkomba ye-super pass ye-Yunai brand carburizer.

I-Yu Nai brand carburant ine-pass eqinile kakhulu, indawo ethize yezinhlayiya zekhabhoni inkulu, kukhona indawo enkulu yokungena ensimbi ewuketshezi, isheshisa ukuhlakazeka nokusabalalisa, ingathuthukisa izinga lokumuncwa kwe-carburant.